爱的被告

Assimilation, Exploitation & Discrimination: The Unenviable Fate of Canada’s Indigenous Peoples_我的网站

霸王别姬

一 | “儿子，爸爸再也看不到你当警察了”令人最痛心的最不过就是眼睁睁的看着自己的儿女死在自己的手下。

二 | Pope Francis’s July 24-29 tour of Canada included a long-overdue apology to Native Canadians for the Catholic Church’s central role in abuses perpetrated at the country’s network of residential schools.,The notorious boarding school system was funded and organized by Canada’s federal government and run by Catholic and Protestant churches. It oversaw the forceful and systematic assimilation, abuse, enslavement and even murder of Native Canadian boys and girls from the mid-19th to late 20th centuries. It was a particularly brutal and cruel, but by no means first or only, tool of oppression experienced by indigenous peoples during the European colonialists’ history in North America.,“I am here because the first step of my penitential pilgrimage among you is that of again asking forgiveness, of telling you once more that I am deeply sorry. Sorry for the ways in which, regrettably, many Christians supported the colonizing mentality of the powers that oppressed the indigenous peoples. I am sorry. I ask for forgiveness, in particular, for the ways in which many members of the Church and of religious communities cooperated, not least through their indifference, in projects of cultural destruction and forced assimilation promoted by the governments of that time, which culminated in the system of residential schools,” Francis said at the former site of the Ermineskin Residential School in Maskwacis, Alberta on July 25.,The pope assured his apology was “only the first step” of “a serious investigation into the facts of what took place in the past and to assist the survivors of the residential schools to experience healing from the traumas they suffered.”,Pope Francis Holds Mass in Quebec During Visit to Canada to Apologize to Indigenous Community28 July, 13:01 GMT,Assimilation,More than 150,000 Native children passed through the residential school system over its 160+ year history. Children were prohibited, often by physical punishment, from speaking their native languages, having their ancestors’ religious concepts replaced with Christianity, and facing their cultural traditions and social norms substituted for those of the colonialists.,The first experimental residential school was opened in Brantford, Ontario, in 1833, but the system only became a federally-mandated, national, industrial-scale tool of subjugation in the 1880s after Sir John A Macdonald, Canada’s first prime minister, ordered the commissioning of a report on the residential school system model being operated in the United States.,The report, entitled ‘Industrial Schools for Indians and Half-Breeds’, became the basis for Canadian state-church cooperation in solving the Indian “problem” by removing indigenous children from the influences passed down to them by their communities and family units.,© WikipediaIndian Residential School, (Fort) Resolution, Northwest TerritoriesIndian Residential School, (Fort) Resolution, Northwest Territories© Wikipedia,Along with forced assimilation, students were subjected to other forms of torment, including sexual abuse by priests and teachers, forced labor, and slavery. As of 2021, the National Center for Truth and Reconciliation has been able to identify 4,117 documented deaths of First Nations, Inuit and Metis children in residential schools. However, new graves continue to be discovered, and former Truth and Reconciliation Commissioner Murray Sinclair estimates that more than 6,000 children may have died in the residential school system over the period of its operation.,In his bombshell 2016 book “Murder by Decree: the Crime of Genocide in Canada,” writer and former United Church of Canada reverend Kevin Annett challenged the NCTR over its conservative estimates on the residential school deaths, detailing the commission’s suppression of eyewitness testimony and archival documentation, and estimating that the true death toll may have run in the tens of thousands. Annett documented how the system included a monthly “death quota” and involved the use of germ warfare, and believes that as many as 50,000 children may have perished in the residential school network.,Exploitation,Residential schools were by no means the first instance of settlers’ mistreatment of Canada’s indigenous population, with Britain’s victory against the French in the North American theater of the Seven Years’ War of 1754-1763 sealing their fate of subjugation and colonial land grabs, as well as the relentless and cynical exploitation of the most loyal tribes.,At the conclusion of the war in 1763, King George III issued a royal proclamation declaring all lands west of the Appalachian Mountains and the colonies of what would ultimately become the early United States as Native territories, outlawing their settlement or purchase by colonialists, and requiring treaty negotiations for any changes to the arrangement. In Canada –organized from the remnants of New France under the name ‘Quebec’, lands to the west and north of the colony were proclaimed Indian territory.,Centuries later, scholars continue to fiercely debate the correct interpretation of the proclamation, and whether it was meant as a permanent guarantee of Native rights to lands beyond the then-existent colonies, or a mere opportunity for colonists to catch their breath before continuing an aggressive push west.,© Photo"The British Governments in Nth America Laid down agreeable to the Proclamation of Octr. 7, 1763," Gentleman’s Magazine (London, 1763)"The British Governments in Nth America Laid down agreeable to the Proclamation of Octr. 7, 1763," Gentleman’s Magazine (London, 1763)© Photo,Even as colonists repeatedly broke the 1763 treaty’s terms throughout the rest of the 18th and 19th centuries through wars of aggression and by taking advantage of divisions within Native tribes through cunning and trickery, many Natives remained loyal to the Crown.,Perhaps nowhere was this better exemplified than in the story of Joseph Brant, an 18th-century Mohawk military and political leader who led his warriors in defense of the British Empire during the American Revolutionary War of 1775-1783, and whose efforts proved decisive in halting an American advance into what is now Canada.,In return for the loyalty shown by Brant and his fellow Mohawks, Quebec Governor Sir Frederick Haldimand promised that after the war, his people would be granted more than 8,090 square km of land around the Grand River Basin in southern Ontario. However, after the war ended in 1783, the settlers would gradually chip away at their commitments, with the Native-administered area now known as the Six Nations Reserve shrinking to just 183 square km of land, two percent of what Brant was originally promised.,Brant’s story was repeated in one form or another throughout the 19th century, and today just 0.36 percent of Canada’s total landmass has reserve status for its Native communities.,© Wikipedia / National Archives of CanadaJoseph Brant, watercolour by William ArmstrongJoseph Brant, watercolour by William Armstrong© Wikipedia / National Archives of Canada,Discrimination,Notwithstanding decades of recognition by successive governments of the historical injustices done to indigenous people, and lip service to improving their social and economic standing, Canada’s community of 1.67 million Natives continues to struggle with a broad spectrum of problems more typically characterizing countries of the so-called Third World than of a thriving, highly developed First World nation.,The Council of Canadians estimates that some 73 percent of First Nations’ water systems are at medium or high risk of contamination, with dozens of indigenous communities still lacking basic access to clean drinking water, despite billions of dollars in aid doled out by Ottawa every year to developing countries, and over a billion dollars in support sent to Kiev this year amid the Ukrainian security crisis.,Along almost every social indicator, from poverty and access to housing to crime, education, and healthcare, Native communities continue to rank below other Canadians. Nowhere is this exemplified better than in average life expectancy. While other Canadian men and women live on average to an age of 79 and 84 years, respectively, among the First Nations, Metis and Inuit, these figures drop to 72.5 for men and 77.7 for women.。明明自己是辅警，可以优先比死神更先一步的挽救儿女的生命。但万万没想到，他救下了所有的陌生人都没有能将自己的年幼的孩子救下。1月11日，距离西藏发生地震已经过去了5天。这5天时间内，所有的人为了能够挽救更多的生命更是丝毫不敢停歇。

三 | 然而，无论多少救助者再怎么努力，人类在灾难面前显得非常无奈和脆弱。

四 | 在现场几乎聚集了特别多的辅警和医务人员，从白天救助到深夜。

五 | 然而在众多辅警中，让大家意外得知一件痛心的事情。一位年轻有为且在本次救援中有卓越表现的辅警。

六 | 36岁有自己的家室，本该是幸福美满的生活但没想到在这天救助中。他意外的走到了自己家倒塌的区域中。可没想到“伦珠”意外的看到了扒到了自己家孩子的衣服。

七 | 黄色的羽绒服他清晰的记得那是给儿子新买的衣服。这个时候他多么想蒙蔽自己的眼睛，不愿意相信眼前这个现实。随后“伦珠”越扒越深，甚至还看看到了女儿的衣服。这一刻“伦珠”只希望这是遗留下的，在呼喊工作人员后立刻对自家废墟中挖掘。可摆在眼前的确是奄奄一息的儿女，因为被压的时间久导致早早就没有了呼吸。知道这一刻的“伦珠”彻底的绷不住内心的痛。

八 | 即将奔着40岁的人在原地搂着儿女的衣服哭的像一个孩子。这个打击对于任何一个男人来说都是致命性的。“伦珠”从得知自己的家乡自己的地方发生地震后。为了能够挽救，因为责任让“伦珠”不得不赶往现场丝毫不敢停歇。

九 | 警察一直都是随时对地的出任务，所以说对于“伦珠”来说国家永远要大于小家。因为这次地震是区域性的。一开始只有一点点可没想到几天过去自己的孩子竟然死在了自己家的废墟。

十 | “伦珠”的哭声引起众多人的同情，要知道他不仅仅是一个年轻有为的警察。在此刻的他只是一个伟大的父亲，明明自己在一线救助但还是错过了自己的孩子救助黄金期。

十一 | 一直以来，“伦珠”在岗位上兢兢业业。

十二 | 在工位上已经有了十几年的工龄，甚至在就职期间有不少奖项。

十三 | 所以说他在工作上肩膀上早就有了很多责任，这样舍小家为大家的精神舒适是令人佩服。在得知儿女去世后，“伦珠”也不敢丝毫懈怠。因为他知道自己的孩子已经不在了，但是现在有很多孩子更多的家庭需要他。在采访中也得知，“伦珠”不敢休息原因也是害怕突然想起来孩子离世的消息。更多人得知这个消息都希望能够给“伦珠”辅警一个人民转正被敬佩的消息。